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Type 091 submarine
The Type 091 (Chinese designation: 09-I; NATO reporting name: Han-class) was the first class of nuclear-powered submarines (SSN) deployed by the China's People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force and the first class of nuclear powered submarine built in Asia.
==Background==
The first chief designer of the submarine was an engineer and scientist of nuclear propulsion engineering, Peng Shilu (彭士禄),〔Erickson, Andrew S & Goldstein, Lyle J (Winter 2007). ( China's future nuclear submarine force - Insights from Chinese Writings", ''Naval War College Review'', 60(1): 55-79 )〕 then in 1983 succeeded by Mr. Huang Xuhua (黄旭华). The first submarine in the class was commissioned in 1974〔The Federation of American Scientists & The Natural Resources Defense Council Chinese Nuclear Forces and U.S. Nuclear War Planning p.86〕 and the fifth and final boat of the class was commissioned in 1991.
The Han class have primarily operated in local waters. However since the 1990s, Hans have been used more aggressively. A Han shadowed a U.S. carrier battle group in the mid-1990s. In November 2004, a Han made an incursion into Japanese territorial waters and prompted Japan's maritime forces to go on alert for only the second time since the end of World War II. The incursion was through the Ishigaki, Okinawa island group, a lightly populated group of islands very near Taiwan. China later apologized for the incursion saying for "technical reasons", it ventured into Japanese waters.
The Han class have gone through major upgrades and numerous refits since their commissioning. The boats have six 533 mm torpedo tubes and carry 20 torpedoes. Alternatively, they can carry 36 mines in their tubes. The Han class is capable of firing sub-launched variants of the C-801 anti-ship missile as well as a range of indigenous and Russian torpedoes or mines. All remaining hulls have been refitted with new sonars, with Type H/SQ2-262B sonar manufactured by No. 613 Factory replacing the original Type 603 sonar on board. Anechoic tiles were added later to reduce noise levels.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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